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Latest Issue № 6, 2020


Archive / 2012

Download No 3, 2012
No 3

Economic Policy

Practice

Georgiy IDRISOV, Sergei SINELNIKOV-MURYLEV
Modernisation or Conservation: the Role of Export Duties on Oil and Oil Products
 5—19
 
The paper deals with the analysis of the consequences of the abolition of export duties on crude oil and petroleum products as a necessary measure to create incentives to improve energy efficiency of the Russian economy and the elimination of underdevelopment caused by the unprecedented long-term subsidies to inefficient Russian oil refining. The authors consider three possible scenarios for the abolition of export duties on crude oil and petroleum products in addition to involving the removal of significant price distortions in the domestic market and the conservation of tax revenues at a constant level.
Key words: resource rents, oil refining, export duty on crude oil and petroleum products, energy efficiency of the Russian economy.

Georgiy Idrisov,  Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy
(5, Gazetny per., Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation).
Sergei Sinelnikov-Murylev, Dr. Sci. (Econ.), professor, rector, Russian Foreign Trade Academy of the Ministry for Economic Development of Russia (4a, Pudovkina ul., Moscow, 119285, Russian Federation).
 

Theory

Sergei DROBYSHEVSKY, Tatiana MALININА, Sergei SINELNIKOV-MURYLEV
The Main Directions of Reforming the Tax System in the Medium Term Perspective
 20—38
 
In the next decade the Russian tax system will face tremendous challenges, due to both objective factors (significant dependence of the Russian economy on foreign trade conjuncture etc) and a number of decisions in the field of fiscal policy. Viewing these challenges the authors examine three objectives of reforming the tax system: a balanced budget, improving equity and efficiency of taxation and the development of fiscal federalism — as well as the corresponding measures of tax policy in the medium term.
Key words: tax system, fiscal policy, balanced budget, fiscal federalism.

Sergei Drobyshevsky, Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy
(5, Gazetny per., Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation).
Tatiana Malininа, Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy
(5, Gazetny per., Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation).
Sergei Sinelnikov-Murylev, Dr. Sci. (Econ.), professor, rector, Russian Foreign Trade Academy of the Ministry for Economic Development of Russia (4a, Pudovkina ul., Moscow, 119285, Russian Federation).
 

History

Yakov URINSON
On the Work in Government of Reforms in the Years 1991—1994
 39—49
 
The article covers the work of the Russian government in 1991—1994 on establishing the system of state statistics and macroeconomic forecasting. The author as a participant of this work analyses its achievements and shortcomings, which were important for the further socio-economic development of our country.
Key words: Russian government, state statistics, macroeconomic forecasting.

Yakov Urinson,  Dr. Sci. (Econ.), professor, RUSNANO Corporation 
(10A, Prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya, Moscow, 117036, Russian Federation)
 

Antitrust Policy

Andrey SHASTITKO
Antitrust in Russia: to Be or not to Be?
 50—69
 
The article presents risks and mechanisms of dysfunctional mutation of open social order antimonopoly norms under transplantation to social orders of restricted access. There are following issues discussed: antimonopoly policy within the structure of competition policy; adapting concepts of open and restricted access social orders for studies of antimonopoly effects; basics and functions of antitrust in open access orders as a source of antimonopoly norms for restricted access orders; modification mechanisms of antimonopoly policy instruments transplanted to restricted access orders; opportunities to block dysfunctional mutation of antitrust.
Key words: antimonopoly policy, competition policy, open and restricted access social orders.

Andrei Shastitko,  Dr. Sci. (Econ.), professor, Economic Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University;
Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
(82, prosp. Vernadskogo, Moscow, 117571, Russian Federation).
 

Regional Economic Policy

Irina STARODUBROVSKAYA etc.
Northern Caucasus: the Problems and Solutions
 70—89
 
Discussions about the problems of the North Caucasus at the Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy and the Russian Academy of National Economy and the Public Service under the President of the Russian Federation have become a regular feature. Since the beginning of 2012 there were two such discussions. The conference “Russia and the World: 2012—2020,” January 20, 2012 held a round table on “The North Caucasus in the Context of Federalism”. April 12 was held in Pyatigorsk Gaidar readings “North Caucasus: Challenges and Potential for Development”. The most interesting points of discussions are offered to the readers attention.
Key words: North Caucasus, federalism, land relations, tourism cluster.

Irina Starodubrovskaya, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Center for Political Economy and Regional Development,
Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy (5, Gazetny per., Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation).
 

Tax policy

Mikhail MISHUSTIN
Features and Trends in Property Taxation in the Russian Economy and Economies
of Foreign Countries
 90—98
 
The article presents an analysis of property taxation in OECD countries and Russia, the dynamics of the proceeds of property taxes in Russia, and their structure. The significance of property taxes in Russia and the United States, including their distribution by level of the budget is considered. Solved the problem of property taxation in Russia. The prospects of introducing property tax in the Russian Federation are explored.
Key words: property taxation, levels of budget, tax revenues, market value of the property.

Mikhail Mishustin, Dr. Sci. (Econ.), head of the Federal Tax Service
(23, Neglinnaya ul., Moscow, 127381, Russian Federation).
 

Social policy

Vladimir GIMPELSON, Rostislav KAPELYUSHNIKOV, Zinaida RYZHIKOVA
The Movement of Jobs in the Russian Economy: in Search of «Creative Destruction»
 99—114
 
This work solves several problems. It discusses some problems of the standard methodology for analyzing the creation and destruction of jobs in the Russian economy, presents the methodology used by Rosstat, and enters into scientific empirical assessment of the movement of jobs for the Russian economy, and outlines ways of improving the statistical methodology for Russia. The presented empirical analysis confirms the low rate of assessment to create new jobs in the Russian economy.
Key words: creation and destruction of jobs, Russian economy, empirical analysis.

Vladimir Gimpelson, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Centre for Labour Market Studies, National Research University —
Higher School of Economics (4/2, Slavyanskaya Ploshchad, Moscow, 103074, Russian Federation).
Rostislav Kapelyushnikov, Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Centre for Labour Market Studies, National Research University —
Higher School of Economics; Institute of World Economy and International Relations, RAS
(23, Profsoyuznaya ul., Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation).

Zinaida Ryzhikova, Department of labor statistics, science, education and culture, Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) (39, bldg. 1, Miasnitskaya ul., 107450, Moscow, Russian Federation).
 

Classics of Economics

Paul SAMUELSON
Economic Theory and Mathematics — an Appraisal
 115—126
 
The article examines the foundations of mathematics use in economic research. The author treats mathematics as a universal language of economic analysis, while cautioning against excessive enthusiasm for mathematical calculations. However, mathematics is not less valuable than a verbal statement of economic ideas.
Key words: mathematics use in economic research, economics.

Paul Samuelson, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (USA)
 

Analytics and Forecast

Victor STARODUBROVSKY
Where the Fate is Taking us? The Russian Economy in 2011 (The Ending)
 127—172
 
In the second part of the article (first published in previous issue) the author provides a more detailed description of the situation and problems in some areas of the Russian economy: the real sector, fiscal and monetary sectors, the financial markets, foreign trade and external debt. A comprehensive review of certain types of national economic activity especially in the industry indicates that the state of crisis continues to dominate in many of them. In various areas of economic activity risks remain especially internal. The unfavorable business climate, lack of business confidence in the authorities, bloated budget expenditures, credit expansion with a shortage of liquidity, compensated by Central Bank and a number of other factors increase the threat to move the situation in the power of fate, that is, forces beyond our control.
Key words: the real sector, fiscal and monetary sectors, the financial markets, foreign trade, external debt.

Victor Starodubrovsky, Dr. Sci. (Econ.), professor, Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy
(5, Gazetny per., Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation).
 
Vladimir TSURIKOV
Bribery as a Crime without Punishment with Nominal Severe Criminal Liability
 173—184
 
Comparison of the world’s average and Russian characteristics of crime and police suggests that Russia is unnecessarily overloaded by prisoners, police officers and penitentiary system. Arguments of the need to apply punishments with long-term imprisonment only to criminals who commit violent crimes with irreversible consequences were made. It is shown that for a sustainable downward trend in the level of corruption in modern Russia it is necessary to raise the probability of punishment of the offender at least an order of magnitude with indispensable deprivation high-ranking officials of their “immunity status”.
Key words: economic approach, crime, the likelihood and severity of punishment, deterrent effect, corruption.

Vladimir Tsurikov,  Dr. Sci. (Econ.), professor, Kostroma State Agricultural Academy
(campus KSAA, pos. Karavaevo, Kostroma district, Kostroma region, 156530, Russian Federation).
 
Marina ZAMYATINA, Nikolay SAVCHENKO
The Employment of Graduates of Educational Institutions — Expectations and Modern Realities (Regional Aspect)
 185—191
 
In this article the question of the government programs which are realized at municipal level for the purpose of employment of graduates of initial, average and higher vocational training is raised. Various groups of youth are discussed and analyzed from the point of view of sociological theories. The data of quantitative research devoted to expectations and the further plans on employment among graduates of educational institutions is cited.
Key words: employment, labor market, graduates of educational institutions, government programs, expectations, sociological theories.

Marina Zamyatina, graduate student.
Nikolay Savchenko, graduate student.

Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov (77, Politechnicheskaya ul., Saratov, 410054, Russian Federation).
 
Alkhas MIRZABEKOV
Internet Technologies as a New Paradigm for Business
 192—195
 
This article describes the macroeconomic processes connected with the emergence of a new locomotive of the economy in the form of information technologies. The author considers the development of information technologies in Russia and proposes measures for the transition of the Russian economy on the innovation path.
Key words: information technologies, innovation.

Alkhas Mirzabekov, graduate student, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy
and Public Administration (82, prosp. Vernadskogo, Moscow, 117571, Russian Federation);
Telecommunications company "GorKom".
 

The 11th Annual Conference «Leontieff Readings»

Andrey ZAOSTROVTSEV
On Economic Freedom and Government
 196—203
 
Andrey Zaostrovtsev, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), International Centre for Social and Economic Research — Leontief Centre
(25, 7th Krasnoarmeyskaya Street, St.Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation).
 

Abstracts

204—208